النظرية العلمية

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النظرية العلمية

النظرية العلمية هي تفسير مبرهن عليه بشكل قوي لجانب معين أو ظاهرة معينة في العالم الطبيعي و مبينة على مجموعة من الحقائق ألتي تم تأكيدها بشكلٍ متكرر من خلال المشاهدات و التجربة

يقوم العلماء بإستحداث النظرية العلمية من فرضيات تم وفق المنهج العلمي و من ثم تجميع الادلة لإختبار مدى دقتها و و النظرية العلمية ذات طبيعة إستقرائية كما هو الحال بالنسبة لجميع مظاهر المعرفة العلمية فهي لا تطرح إقتراحات بشكل قاطع و بدلاً من ذلك فهي ذات قوة تنبؤية و تفسيرية
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ترتبط قوة النظرية العلمية بتعدد الظواهر ألتي يمكنها أن تفسرها و تُقاس قوة النظرية عن طريق قدرتها على وضع تنبؤات يمكن تخطئتها مع أخذ الظواهر بعين الإعتبار و تزيد قوة النظرية كلما زادت الأدلة ألتي يتم تجميعها و بناءاً عليه تزاد دقة التنبؤات بمرور الوقت و يستخدم العلماء النظريات كأساس للحصول على المعرفة العلمية و كذلك لتحقيق أهداف كإبتكار تكنلوجيا جديدة أو إبتكار علاج لمرض معين

النظريات العلمية هي أكثر أشكال المعرفة العلمية دقةً و فعاليةً و شمولاً
و هذا المفهوم يختلف بشكل كبير عن مفهوم النظرية المستخدم بشكل عام (أي في غير الأوساط العلمية) حيث تشير النظرية في هذه الحالة إلى شيء أمر غير مُثبَت.

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